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C H A P T E R  23

I D E A L I S M

19th CENTURY

PHILOSOPHY AFTER KANT
 


KANT'S DUALISM

 

1.   All knowledge is limited to phenomenon.

      Phenomenon are perceptions that are structured by the mind.

2.   Cause and effect is a structure or category of the mind only.

      It can't be known to exist outside the mind.

3.   The noumenon are independent of our senses - the thing-in-itself.

      This is inconsistent with one.

4.   The noumenon cause the phenomenon in conjunction with the mind.

5.   This is inconsistent with two.

6.    Reality is experience.

 

 

 

JOHANN GOTTLIEB FICHTE

 

Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762 – 1814)

German Idealist

 

PHILOSOPHY

 

1.   Like Kant's categories our sentiments, values, and beliefs structure experience.

      These are beliefs we choose or inherit.

      Good beliefs bring meaning into our lives.

2.   The self or ego transcends experience.

3.   The cosmic mind transcends the world.

      God is not anthropomorphic.

      The human ego is an image of the Cosmic Ego.

 

 
 

 FRIEDRICH SCHELLING


 

Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling (1775–1854)

German Idealist

 

1.   The Absolute is the unifying all encompassing spirit.

      We share in this spirit, so we can know reality-in-itself.

 
 

ROMANTICISM

 

Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

Discourse on the Sciences and Arts (1750)

 

 

1.   People are naturally good.

2.   Society corrupts people.

      We should return to nature.

 

 
 

 

 

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