T H E
A
T R E
|
The word theatre was derived from the Ancient Greek
word theatron - meaning "the seeing place" - where
the audience sits.
The word thespian was derived from the first known Greek actor Thespis. In ancient Greek theatre the
chorus narrated the entire story, and there were no
actors. It's said that Thespis suddenly stepped out
from the chorus, and he spoke the dialogue as if he
was the character, and acting was born in the West.
|
|
Greek Mask
Ancient Theatre
|
William Shakespeare (1564 - 1616)
English poet and playwright
|
It is said that Shakespeare invented 1,700 words. Is
this really true?
Interesting Quotes by Shakespeare:
All
the world‘s a stage, and all the men and
women merely players. They have their exits
and their entrances; And one man in his time
plays many parts. (As You Like it)
Life’s
but a walking shadow, a poor player, that
struts and frets his hour upon the stage,
and then is heard no more; it is a tale told
by an idiot, full of sound and fury,
signifying nothing. (Macbeth)
This
life, which had been the tomb of his virtue
and of his honor, is but a walking shadow;
a poor player, that struts and frets his
hour upon the stage, and then is heard no
more: it is a tale told by an idiot, full of
sound and fury, signifying nothing.
(Macbeth)
|
|
|
Method Acting
Questions:
Where do I come from?
Where am I going?
Who am I?
What's my motivation?
Why am I here?
|
.
Constantin Stanislavski
(1863 – 1938),
Russian
Stanislavski was
the first to create a system of method
acting where actors analyze their
character's motives and emotions. An actress
might recall emotions or sensations from her
life, and portray them in her character.
Method acting was popularized in the United
States by the Group Theatre in New York City
in the 1930s.
Collaborate
Apply
the Questions to your Life. |
|
Lee Strasberg
(1901–1982)
The Godfather Part 2 - Hyman Roth
|
Improvisation
Affective Memory
QUESTIONS:
What is
bad acting?
What is good acting?
Are people acting their lives?
|
Strasberg's method of sense memory and
affective memory has actors recall
their own personal experiences, and
incorporate them in their characters.
Strasberg's students include: James Dean,
Paul Newman, Al Pacino, Dustin Hoffman, Alec
Baldwin, Robert De Niro, Jane Fonda, and
Dennis Hopper.
Examples of Bad Acting
Sometimes bad acting can be good:
Big Bang Theory - We can see that Raj is
acting because people don't get drunk after
one sip. They don't try to slur their words,
and try to stagger - they try not to. It's a
comedy, so these things makes it funnier,
and the acting doesn't matter.
Jim Carrey plays
Ace Ventura
Dumb and Dumber
Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind
Eternal Sunshine of the
Spotless Mind is a romantic science-fiction
comedy-drama about an couple who fall in
love, and can't bear the pain of the
breakup, so they have their memories erased.
The special-effects, acting and
cinematography are outstanding.
The film is based a science experiment with
mice where they induced memory loss with
drugs, but also discovered that they could
cause memories that never happened. To learn
more, listen to Radiolab.
http://www.radiolab.org/story/91569-memory-and-forgetting/
The title
of the film is a quotation from the poem
Eloisa to Abelard by Alexander Pope.
Examples of Great Acting
Jamie Foxx
plays
Ray
Ray Charles -
Ray Charles -
Hit The Road Jack (Original)
Robert De Niro Awakenings
No Country for Old Men - Anton Chigurh
played by Javier Bardem
My Left Foot - Daniel Day Lewis
Daniel Day-Lewis in Lincoln
Where did Daniel Day-Lewis get the voice of
Lincoln? When I put the question to Google,
and it said, "But, unfortunately, no
recordings of Lincoln's voice exist, since
he died 12 years before Thomas Edison
invented the phonograph, the first device to
record and play back sound." This is not a
good argument. Although the phonograph was
the first device to record and play back
sound, it was not the first device to be
able to record sound. The phonautograph is
the earliest known device for recording
sound - invented by Édouard-Léon Scott de
Martinville. It was patented on March 25,
1857. Lincoln died in 1865. Although the
device was capable of recording sound, it
was not able to play it back. This
observation might have been the cause of the
rumor that a recording was made of the
President.
Where did
Daniel Day Lewis get
Lincoln's voice? In this interview,
Lewis referred to the voice as the
fingerprint of the soul.
|
|
Sanford Meisner
(1905 – 1997) |
Be in the moment.
Be spontaneous.
Act from instinct.
Act from imagination.
|
MASTER
CLASS
I
|
Meisner broke from Strasberg and
Stanislavski, and argued
that recalling
personal experiences caused actors to focus
on themselves - not the story or character.
He sought to free actors by fully immersing
them in the moment, and concentrating on
their partners. For Meisner spontaneity and
improvisation creates a sense of reality
that he described as, "living truthfully
under imaginary circumstances."
|
|
|
Stella Adler
(1901 – 1992)
Russian Actor / Director
Believe the situation.
Acting is doing.
Act from imagination.
|
Stella Adler, a student of Stanislavski,
also broke with Strasberg. She believed that
actors should conjure up emotions through
the scene's circumstances - not your
personal memories. Adler's technique seeks
to stimulate the actor's imagination.
Her students included: Marlon Brando, Warren
Beatty, and Robert De Niro
|
|
PLOT
Freytag's Pyramid
(VIDEO)
FREYTAG'S PYRAMID
Gustav Freytag was a German writer who used Aristotle's theory of
tragedy to create a model of the story plot. Freytag's pyramid
divides a drama into five parts: exposition, rising action,
climax, falling action, and denouement.
1. EXPOSITION - Background information
a. The Characters
are introduced.
The protagonist is the main
character.
b. The setting is
revealed.
c. The background
information is given.
d. The problem is
introduced.
2. COMPLICATION - Conflict / Problem
a. Rising Action /
Suspense (Protagonist confronts Problem)
b. Climax (Problem
solved - highest emotional intensity)
c. Falling Action
- Results of the climax. The book considers this the
Denouement.
3. DENOUEMENT - Resolution / Conclusion
a. Loose ends are tied up.
b. Things are explained.
|
|
|
|
TYPES OF THEATRE
1. TRAGEDY
- unhappy ending
- based on the hero’s flaw
- It questions if we have freewill, or is destiny in control?
Example:
Romeo and Juliet, by William
Shakespeare, ends tragically with deaths that
were caused by Romeo's impulsive thoughtless actions. He kills Tybalt, and he and Juliet both
die unnecessarily. He claims to
already be in love with Rosaline, and then falls in love at
first sight with Juliet.
2. COMEDY – (Greek Word
Komoidia)
Comedy of Character – Satire /
Ridicule of Individuals
Example -
Dave Chapelle Prince
Comedy of Manners –
Satire / Ridicule of Conventions
Example -
Brazil
3. TRAGICOMEDY -
Harold And Maude
4. MELODRAMA -
Plot and action take precedence
over character development.
Good triumphs at the last minute.
Example -
Taken
5. PERFORMANCE ART:
- Influenced by the pop art of the 60's
- a critique of commercialism
- controversial and rebellious
Examples:
Charlie Todd
A happenings is a type of performance art.
Tape Face
Buddha With 1000 Hands
China Disabled Peoples
Performance Art Troupe
Kathy Rose/The Cathedral of Emptiness
Kathy Rose/Oriental Interplay
Kathy Rose/She Excerpt
Kathy Rose/Syncopations
Kathy Rose/Excerpt Queen of the Fluids
Kagemu
6. MUSICAL
Example:
-
Moulin Rouge
-
The Wizard
of Oz
-
The Sound of Music
STAGE TYPES
LIGHTING
Additive Color Mixing
-
The color theory we studied is called subtractive
color where red, yellow, and blue are the primary
colors. We mix those colors to create the other
colors.
-
-
With additive color we mix different colored lights.
We mix red, green and blue light to produce the
other colors; these are the primary colors.
Combining two of these colors in equal amounts
produces an additive secondary color. Blue light
plus green light produces cyan. Magenta is created
by mixing red and blue in equal amounts, and yellow
is the result of mixing green and red light.
Combining all three primary colored lights in equal
intensities produces white.
-
On the Magic of Theatrical Lighting
David Hockney
COSTUME DESIGN
Lion King
Official Site
Tony Award Winning Lion
King
Music by Elton John, lyrics by Tim Rice, director and costume
design by
Julie Taymor.
cirque du soleil
Parade the Circle /
2004
Hans Silvester:
Omo People:
Otra Vez |
African Tribal
VERISIMILITUDE
-
True to life - as things could happen - not did
happen.
Does the movie
Titanic have verisimilitude? The story is Romeo and Juliet
layered over a real historic event.
In order for a piece
of art to hold significance or persuasion for an audience,
according to Aristotle, it must have grounding in reality. See
the
Poetics by Aristotle - Translated by
S. H. Butcher
(e-book)
THEATRE APPRECIATION
War Horse
Red is a play by written by John Logan about the artist Mark
Rothko. The original production was directed by Michael Grandage,
performed by Alfred Molina as Rothko, and Eddie Redmayne as his
assistant Ken.
Doubt by John Patrick Shanley
ONLINE BOOKS
-
Pulitzer Prize Winning Drama
-
Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare
-
Poetics by Aristotle - Translated by S. H.
Butcher
|
|
|
|