Underpainting: Although Claude Monet's Impression Sunrise is a great example of what an underpainting looks like, it was intended as a finished product. It also has the quality of being painterly.
Impasto:

Vincent Van Gogh's  Vase with Fifteen Sunflowers sold for $39,921,750. It's a great example of impasto.

Painterly:

Henri Matisse's Vase of Sunflowers (1898–1899) has thick layers of paint - impasto, but it is really a better example of painterly.

Linear:

Sandro Botticelli's Birth of Venus is Linear.
 

 

This Roger Dean painting is also linear. Click the picture, and look at the other images. What movie was a Dean rip-off?